Saint Valentine, a figure shrouded in mystery and legend, is widely associated with love and devotion. And while his historical existence as a Christian martyr in Rome is generally accepted, the details of his life and death remain unclear, as do the origins of the romantic traditions tied to his name. What is certain, however, is that relics attributed to Saint Valentine are scattered across the globe, revered in churches and cathedrals by many.
The legend of Saint Valentine
Valentine’s story is rooted in Roman history and Christian tradition. According to popular accounts, he was a priest (or maybe a bishop) who lived during the reign of Emperor Claudius II (r. 268–270 CE). Claudius, facing difficulties recruiting soldiers, allegedly banned marriage for young men, believing that single men made better soldiers. Valentine defied this edict by performing secret marriages for couples–which explains his association with romance.
Another legend suggests that Valentine was imprisoned for aiding Christians during persecution. While in prison, he reportedly restored the sight of his jailer’s blind daughter, and his final act was to send her a note signed, “Your Valentine,” before his execution on February 14.
Though the historical accuracy of these tales is widely debated, Valentine was recognized as a martyr by the Church and venerated as a saint from at least the 5th century CE. Over time, his feast day became associated with romantic love, particularly in medieval Europe.
The relics of Saint Valentine
Relics of Saint Valentine are found in numerous locations worldwide, each with its own tradition and significance. These relics, often bones or fragments believed to belong to the saint, are preserved in reliquaries and displayed in churches for veneration.
Rome, Italy
Basilica of Santa Maria in Cosmedin: One of the most notable locations associated with Saint Valentine is this Roman basilica. A skull attributed to the saint is enshrined here, adorned with flowers and a golden crown. This relic clearly ties Saint Valentine as closely as possible to his Roman origins.
Dublin, Ireland
Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church: Perhaps the most famous site outside of Rome, this church houses a casket containing relics of Saint Valentine, gifted by Pope Gregory XVI to an Irish Carmelite priest in 1836. The relics are displayed prominently, drawing visitors seeking blessings for their relationships and marriages.
Terni, Italy
Basilica of Saint Valentine: This church in the town of Terni, where Valentine is said to have been a bishop, also claims relics of the saint. Each year, the town celebrates its connection to Saint Valentine with a festival honoring the martyr.
Madrid, Spain
Church of San Antón: This Madrid church possesses a relic of Saint Valentine’s body, drawing local couples and visitors, particularly on his feast day.
Vienna, Austria
Church of Maria am Gestade: Relics of Saint Valentine are also kept in this Gothic church in Vienna, emphasizing his widespread veneration across Europe.
Other Locations
Glasgow, Scotland: The Church of Blessed John Duns Scotus claims to house a relic of Saint Valentine, further demonstrating his international appeal.
Birmingham, England: The Oratory of Saint Philip Neri preserves a reliquary containing fragments associated with Valentine.
Roquemaure, France: The town of Roquemaure claims relics of the saint, brought there in the 19th century to protect vineyards from disease.
The meaning of Valentine’s Relics
The widespread distribution of Saint Valentine’s relics is clear evidence of his popularity as a globally loved figure. While the authenticity of these relics can be questioned, their significance lies in what they inspire. For many, these relics serve as tangible links to a saint who embodies commitment and selflessness.
Pilgrimage and Devotion
Today, pilgrims and visitors flock to these sites not only to venerate the relics but also to celebrate Valentine’s legacy. Couples often seek blessings for their relationships, while others are drawn by the historical and cultural importance of the relics. On February 14th, churches associated with the saint hold special masses and ceremonies, making these sites focal points for visitors.
